Okwu dị nkenke gbasara ndị na-agba mmiri nnu ①

Nnwale ịgbasa nnu

Nnu, nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ ngwakọta a na-ekesa na mbara ala, dị ebe niile n'oké osimiri, ikuku, ala, ọdọ mmiri na osimiri.Ozugbo etinyere irighiri ihe nnu n'ime obere mpụta mmiri mmiri, a na-etolite ebe ịgbasa nnu.N'ebe ndị dị otú ahụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume ịnwa ichekwa ihe site na mmetụta nke ịgbasa nnu.N'ezie, ịgbasa nnu bụ nke abụọ na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, ịma jijiji, okpomọkụ na iru mmiri, na gburugburu uzuzu n'ihe metụtara mmebi nke igwe na ngwaahịa eletrọnịkị (ma ọ bụ components).

Nnwale ịgba nnu bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke usoro mmepe ngwaahịa iji chọpụta nguzogide corrosion ya.A na-ekewa ule ndị dị otú ahụ ụzọ abụọ: otu bụ ule mkpughe gburugburu ebe obibi, nke na-ewe oge ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ya mere a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ngwa bara uru;nke ọzọ bụ artificially accelerated simulated nnu ịgba gburugburu ule, ebe chloride ịta nwere ike iru ọtụtụ ugboro ma ọ bụ ọbụna ọtụtụ iri ugboro nke nnu ịgba ọdịnaya nke eke gburugburu ebe obibi, na corrosion ọnụego na-abawanye nke ukwuu, si otú ahụ na-ebelata oge ịbịarute. nsonaazụ ule.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike ịnwale ihe nlele ngwaahịa nke ga-ewe otu afọ iji mebie na gburugburu ebe obibi n'ime ebe a na-agba nnu na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-arụpụta ihe dị ka awa 24.

1) ụkpụrụ ule ịgba nnu nnu

Nnwale ịgba nnu bụ nnwale nke na-eme ka ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe a na-efesa nnu ma na-ejikarị enyocha nguzogide nbibi nke ngwaahịa na ihe.Nnwale a na-eji ngwa nyocha ịgba nnu iji mepụta ebe ịgba nnu dị ka nke a na-ahụ na ikuku dị n'akụkụ oke osimiri.N'ebe dị otú ahụ, sodium chloride n'ime nnu nnu na-emebi n'ime Na+ ion na Clions n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.Ion ndị a na-emeghachi omume n'ụzọ kemịkalụ na ihe igwe ahụ na-emepụta nnu ọla acid siri ike.Igwe ion ọla, mgbe ekpughere ikuku oxygen, na-ebelata ka ọ na-etolite oxides metal kwụsiri ike karị.Usoro a nwere ike ibute nchara na nchara na ọnya nke metal ma ọ bụ mkpuchi, nke n'aka nke ya nwere ike ịkpata ọtụtụ nsogbu.

N'ihi na n'ibu ngwaahịa, nsogbu ndị a nwere ike na-agụnye corrosion mebiri components na fasteners, jamming ma ọ bụ malfunctioning nke na-akpụ akpụ akụkụ nke n'ibu components n'ihi mgbochi, na-emeghe ma ọ bụ obere sekit na microscopic wires na e biri ebi wiring mbadamba, nke pụrụ ọbụna iduga akụrụngwa mebiri emebi.Banyere ngwa elektrọn, ihe ndị na-eduzi ihe ngwọta nnu nwere ike ime ka ibelata nguzogide nke ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi na nguzogide olu.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nguzogide n'etiti ihe na-emebi ihe na-emebi nnu na kristal akọrọ nke ngwọta nnu ga-adị elu karịa nke ígwè mbụ ahụ, nke ga-eme ka nkwụsị na voltaji na-adaba na mpaghara ahụ, na-emetụta ọrụ electrocution, ma si otú ahụ na-emetụta ihe ndị dị na ya. Njirimara eletriki nke ngwaahịa.